Barangay Kilikilihan, formerly known as "Sitio Quiliquilihan," which was once a part of Bato, derived its name from the word "pailihan," a bicol term which means "evacuation" since it is a safe evacuation place for the nearby villagers during strong typhoons.
Formerly, a sitio of Quiliquilihan, San Miguel, Bato became a full pledge Barangay Kilikilihan when San Miguel separated from its mother town Bato through then President Elpidio Quirino's Executive Order No. 803 dated August 23, 1952, together with 11 other barangays under the new Municipality of San Miguel, Catanduanes. Since its emancipation in 1952, Barangay Kilikilihan is now fifty-seven years old. Barangay Kilikilihan is located at the Mid-part of San Miguel and Catanduanes. It is bounded on the north by the Sitio of Guinobat, Balatohan, on the east by the Barangay of Pacogon, on the west by the Municipality of Virac and on the south by the Barangay of Mabato.
Based on the 2007 census, it has a population of 996 and 198 households. It has a total land area of approximately 1000 hectares. Barangay Kilikilihan geograpical location has the ff orientation in terms of coordinates: 13o42'11" N Lat. & 124o16'55" E Long.